Figure 4.5 Date is 10-16-19

• Columnar Epithelial
• – Pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium ,
• Location – Lining of nasal cavity, trachea, and bronchi, portions of the male reproductive tract.
• Function : protection and secretion.

• Stratified Columnar Epithelium (multiple layered column cells.
• Locations – Small areas of the pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary gland, salivary glad ducts , and urethra
• Function: Protection

Glandular epithelia

• Exocrine glands – made mostly of simple cuboidal epithelium

Connective Tissue functions

• Establishes a structural framwork – bones
• Transports fluids and dissolved materials – blood, cardiovascular system
• Protects delicate organs – adipose tissue
• Supports, surrounding and interconnecting tissues – areolar conncective tissue
• Storing energy reserves – adipose
• Defends the body from microorganims – white blood cells

Contain specialized cells,

matrix (not living), composed of extracellular protein fibers and a ground substance.

• blasts – creates
• clasts – destroys, breaks down
• cyte – maintains

• Types of fibers
• Collagenous – collagen – very strong protein.
• Elastic – elastin
• Reticular – collagen, threadlike protein. Adds more strength.

Connective tissue proper classified as loose or dense.

Areolar tissue

• Cells – Fibroblasts, Macrophage,
• Fibers – Elastic, Collagen, Reticular
• Ground Substance – Proteoglycan , “filler” substance, low viscousity
• Loose Connective Tissue
• Located in the Dermis

Adipose tissue – vascular

• Cells – Adipocytes
• No fibers
• Ground Substance – Proteoglycan
• Loose Connective tissue
• Location – hypodermis

Reticular tissue

• Fibers- reticular fibers
• Ground substance – proteoglycan
• Loose connective tissue
• Location – soft organs, liver and spleen.

Dense Regular Connective Tissue – holds bone to bone together, dense and powerful.

Dense Irregular Connective Tissue

• Cells- Fibroblasts
• Fibers- Collagen fibers
• Location- Dermis

Elastic Tissue

• Cells- fibroblasts
• Fibers- Elastic
• Ground substance- proteoglycan
• Dense connective tissue
• Location – inter vertebral

Fluid Connective Tissues

Blood– blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Floats in the plasma and is located in the blood vessels.

Cartilage – bone support for the rest of the body.

Hyaline Cartilage

• Between tips of (joints) bones for friction.
• Cells- Chondrocytes in lacunae
• Fibers- collagen
• Ground Substance – firm gel chondroitin sulfate
• Location – in joints

The Perichodrium and Types of Cartilage

• Location – Auricle of external ear, epiglottis, auditory canal, cuneiform cartilages of larynx.
• Function – Provides support, but tolerates distortion without damage and returns to original shape

Fibrocartilage

• Fibers – collagen cartilage
• Location – pads within knee joint, between pubic bones of the pelvis, and inter vertebral discs.
• Function – Resists compression, prevents bone-to-bone contact, limits relative movement

Bone

• Cells – osteocytes
• Fibers – collagen fibers
• Ground Substance – Hydroxlyapatite, hard as a rock.
• Location – in bones obviously
• Function – support